The present building dates from the XIII century with XV century additions but it has been built on the site of an earlier chapel dating from the XI century.

The land around Centeilles includes the 'Pic Saint Martin' on which the Ibères established a camp from the VI centruy BC and later a church which was developed and occupied through the times of the wisigoths. In the XIII century, (some texts say the XII century) the church at Centeilles was built on the site of a romanesque chapel or of a Roman villa. The transepts were added in the XV century. During some renovation work in 1959, the outline traces of a semi-circular abside of this earlier construction was found in the present choir. On the track leading to the church on the south side, there are large stones which are thought to be signs of a neolithic burial ground.

Throughout the Middle Ages, Centeilles was the centre of a thriving community on the trail between plain and mountain and was the centre of a fair on 25th and 26th March. This fair has now become the annual fair of Siran. This area no longer has either sheep or shepherds but one of the old stone shelters of the shepherds, a 'capitelle', remains intact just to the south of the modern access road some few hundred meters before Centeilles.

After the French revolution, the church like so many public buildings in France, was subjected to neglect and became an agricultural building in which tools and animals were housed. Several owners subdivided the interior and built extra doors to facilitate their access.

Thanks to gifts and donations of money, the Abbé Giry was able to purchase the church and its site in 1958. It was then gifted to the Diocescan Association in 1961. Restoration work started in 1959 and today Centeilles is beautiful to see although the recent past had caused permanent damage to the frescos.

Today, the church must be visited if only to see the mural paintings. Facing the door, is the XVth century painting of the 'L'arbre de Jesse'. There is David playing the harp, also XVth century. Many other paintings or part paintings dating from the XIV and XV centuries can also be seen throughout the small church. In the northern side of the transept, you can see a small mosaic pavement from the III or IV century, recovered from the site of a Roman villa in present day Siran. It has been relaid in Centeilles for protection and to remain available to the people locally.

Each year, a Rogation Procession is held at Centeilles followed by a Mass and on the first Sunday after the 15th August, a large fete, preceeded by a religious ceremony at 17H00 is held and this is followed by a presentation on the frescos and the celebrations continue long into the evening with aperitives and an open air meal based on local specialities and with some good red Minervois wine, of course.